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The agriculture of Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Brazil's economy.Its initial focus was sugar cane. Brazil eventually became the world's largest exporter of coffee, soybeans, beef, sugar cane, ethanol and frozen chickens.〔(Brazil Surges Ahead with Commodities Wealth | Newsweek International Edition | Newsweek.com )〕 The success of agriculture during the Estado Novo (New State), with Getúlio Vargas, led to the expression, "Brazil, breadbasket of the world". As of 2009 Brazil had about of undeveloped fertile land – a territory larger than the combined area of France and Spain. According to a 2008 IBGE study, despite the world financial crisis, Brazil had record agricultural production, with growth of 9.1%, principally motivated by favorable weather. The production of grains in the year reached an unprecedented 145,400,000 tons.〔 That record output employed an additional 4.8% in planted area, totalling 65,338,000 hectares and producing $148 billion Reals. The principal products were corn (13.1% growth) and soy (2.4% growth).〔 The southern one-half to two-thirds of Brazil has a semi-temperate climate, higher rainfall, more fertile soil, more advanced technology and input use, adequate infrastructure and more experienced farmers. This region produces most of Brazil's grains, oilseeds (and exports). The drought-ridden northeast region and Amazon basin lack well-distributed rainfall, good soil, adequate infrastructure and development capital. Although mostly occupied by subsistence farmers, both regions are increasingly important as exporters of forest products, cocoa and tropical fruits. Central Brazil contains substantial areas of grassland. Brazilian grasslands are far less fertile than those of North America, and are generally suited only for grazing. Agriculture in Brazil presents challenges, including the ongoing practice of slave labour,〔(''Combating Forced Labour'', ILO Programme (United Nations) ) – in Portuguese〕〔Le Breton, B. (2003). ''Trapped: modern-day slavery in the Brazilian Amazon''. Kumarian Press. ISBN 1-56549-155-6〕 agrarian reform, fire, production financing, and a rural exodus fueled by economic stress on family farming. Half of Brazil is covered by forests. The world's largest rain forest is in the Amazon Basin. Migrations into the Amazon and large-scale forest burning have challenged the government's management capabilities. The government has reduced incentives for such activity and is implementing a broader environmental plan. It also adopted an Environmental Crimes Law that established serious penalties for infractions. == History == (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agriculture in Brazil」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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